Facts about the human eye

For a human being, sight is considered to be the most important sense of all. Through sense organ, which is represented by the eye, a human being perceives perfect visual images of surrounding world. This ability demands a close connection between the eye as a periphery sensor and cerebral cortex. A human being perceives approximately 80% of all information from his environment through sight.

Facts about the human eye

For a perfect visual perception one needs individual parts of the human eye which form its optical system. These include cornea, aqueous humour, lens and vitreous body. The optical system concentrates rays of light in such a way that their focal point is formed on the retina. A disorder of some parts of a light perception trajectory leads to deterioration, distortion or complete loss of the vision. Under the influence of disorders a sharp image is not formed on the retina and it results in other refractory disorders such as short-sightedness, long-sightedness, astigmatism and so on.

For a sharp image to be formed there are other important conditions which need to be met including transparency of the optical environment, density and integration of photoreceptors at certain place on the retina, undamaged optical trajectory and visual centers and many more auxiliary devices that in a perfect coordination secure accommodation, convergence, regulation of exposure and protection of the eye.

Because of its function the human eye is often compared to photographic devices. Its own chamber is formed by cavity filled with the vitreous body. Pigment layer of the choroid secures the elimination of reflexes. The cornea, aqueous humour and lens represent an objective.

A ray of light reaches the retina through the structures of: anterior area of the cornea, substance of the cornea, posterior area of the cornea, aqueous humour, anterior area of the lens, substance of the lens, posterior area of the lens and the vitreous body.